Scrapers are a fairly exotic type of earthenicular equipment, which, nevertheless, is quite widely used in the extraction of various minerals, the development of deposits and construction, mainly road. The scraper is a self -propelled machine equipped with a traction installation, with a bucket with which loading is carried out, and a cargo compartment in which the removed soil accumulates. A distinctive feature of scraper is the ability to remove a soil layer of a certain thickness with a rather high accuracy. Cloters are used for soil development like chernozem, peat deposits, clay and sandy soil.
It is technically possible both a complete unloading of the accumulated soil and the spraying of the embankment with an uniform layer of extracted soil. Since the scraper itself has a fairly high mass, an additional seal occurs when pouring the embankment, which can save on the seal of the embankment using a special technique.
Scrapers come as with an independent traction on the basis of a tractor or tractor or as a trailer. The effectiveness of these machines is almost the same regardless of performance — however, the feasibility of using a scraper in each case must be calculated. The first and main parameter for calculation is the distance to which the transportation is planned. It is generally accepted that it is advisable to use a scraper at distances from one hundred meters to one kilometer. At distances of less than a hundred meters, it is more advisable to use a technique like bulldozers (unless you need uniform chosen of soil with an even layer). For more long distances, it will be economically advisable to use dump trucks or other types of cargo equipment and an excavator.
Scrapers are made on wheeled and caterpillar. They do not differ as much as it seems at first glance, however, of course, the caterpillar technique is more effective, especially when used on unstable soil. The scraper is loaded either by the effort created by the tractor or tractor, or using special devices that ensure forced loading. Such machines are technically more complicated, but they provide higher efficiency of work with equal temporary and energy costs.
The capacity of the cargo bucket of scrapers ranges from three cubic meters to the largest, which on various small -scale machines can reach dozens of cubic meters. By capacity of the bucket, scraper is divided into three categories. The unloading of scraperers can also be carried out naturally and using special mechanisms that provide a complete or partial unloading of the machine.
The scraper bucket can be different — simple single -leafy buckets are most often found, but they are the least universal. Double buckets allow you to do the work much more efficiently, but they are more complex mechanically and require more attention when working. Grader buckets are used when leveling surfaces.
A special type of scraper — machines equipped with telescopic buckets. This type of equipment allows you to perform almost any type of work, acting with high accuracy and efficiency, however, the cost of maintaining hydraulic mechanisms that ensure the movement of telescopic bucket should be evaluated before the start of work so that the development is not unprofitable for your enterprise.
